Which of these instructions should a client take for a client who is taking phenytoin sodium (Dilantin)?

• A. Annual vision screening
• B. Regular dental check-ups
• C. Monthly hearing tests
• D. Weekly weight monitoring

Answer: (B)

Regular dental check-ups are important for someone taking phenytoin because this drug commonly causes gingival hyperplasia—an overgrowth of the gum tissue. The tendency for gums to enlarge is linked to changes in gum fibroblasts and collagen production, and it’s worsened by dental plaque. A dentist or hygienist can monitor gum tissue, perform professional cleanings, and reinforce effective oral hygiene techniques to minimize plaque build-up and manage or reduce the overgrowth. Early detection and management of gum changes help prevent discomfort, improve chewing function, and protect periodontal health during phenytoin therapy. Emphasize diligent daily brushing, flossing, and any mouth-rinse recommendations from the clinician. Vision screening, hearing tests, or weekly weight monitoring aren’t specifically required for phenytoin management.