Which of the following is a common side effect to monitor when giving cefotaxime (Claforan)?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Vertigo
• C. Tinnitus
• D. Insomnia

Answer: (A)

When giving cefotaxime, the most common adverse effect to watch for is diarrhea. This occurs because antibiotics disrupt the normal balance of gut bacteria, which can lead to loose stools and sometimes more serious intestinal inflammation like pseudomembranous colitis. If diarrhea develops, assess hydration, electrolyte status, and consider evaluating for a Clostridioides difficile infection if it becomes persistent or severe.

Vertigo and tinnitus aren’t typical side effects of cephalosporins, and insomnia isn’t commonly linked to this class of antibiotics. While cefotaxime can cause allergic reactions or rash in some patients, diarrhea remains the most frequently observed to monitor.