A client on spironolactone should avoid which dietary modification to reduce risk of hyperkalemia?

• A. Limit high potassium foods
• B. Increase sodium intake
• C. Drink large amounts of water
• D. Increase protein intake

Answer: (A)

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks aldosterone, which reduces potassium excretion in the distal nephron. Because this preserves more potassium in the body, the risk of hyperkalemia rises, especially if potassium intake is high or kidney function is not normal. To lower that risk, limiting foods rich in potassium is the most direct and effective approach. The other dietary changes don’t address the mechanism driving potassium retention and won’t prevent hyperkalemia; they can even create other issues, such as fluid or electrolyte imbalances. Monitoring potassium levels and watching for symptoms like muscle weakness or irregular heartbeat are important as well.